Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_pro] FSD processing level

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[m1] Respondent's gender

[m2] Respondent's year of birth

[m3] Respondent's mother tongue

[m4] Respondent's parliamentary constituency

[m5] Respondent's household composition

[m6] Respondent's vocational education

[m7] Have you taken the matriculation examination (i.e. completed general upper secondary education)?

[m8] Are you currently studying?

[m9] Respondent's economic activity

[m10] Respondent's job contract

[m11] How interested are you in politics?

[m12_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Anyone can influence political decisions, if they want to

[m12_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: One can influence matters by voting

[m12_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Decisions made by politicians have no influence on my life

[m12_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: There is at least one political party which tries to pursue my interests

[m12_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Political parties are only interested in people's votes, not their opinions

[m12_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Voting is a civic duty

[m12_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: I think I understand political issues quite well

[m12_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Economic power controls politics too much

[m12_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Labour organisations, employers' organisations and the government make too many decisions between themselves

[m12_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: I have no say in what the government and the Parliament decide

[m13_1] Are you a member or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A sports club or organisation

[m13_2] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A student association

[m13_3] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A hobby club

[m13_4] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: An environmental organisation

[m13_5] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A charity organisation

[m13_6] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: An animal rights organisation

[m13_7] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: An anti-globalisation group

[m13_8] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A pro-globalisation group

[m13_9] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A human rights organisation or peace association

[m13_10] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A national defence organisation

[m13_11] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A political party or youth organisation

[m13_12] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A developing country organisation

[m13_13] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: A trade union

[m13_14] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: An immigrant rights group

[m13_15] Are you a member of or otherwise involved in the following association, organisation or club: An anti-immigrant group

[14] Are you going to vote in the next parliamentary elections in March?

[m15] If you are going to vote or are considering voting in the next parliamentary elections, which of the following characteristics would influence your choice of candidate the most?

[m16_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: It is possible to exercise power without getting one's hands dirty

[m16_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power is in the hands of international military and political bodies

[m16_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power is in the hands of international capital

[m16_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: In Finland, power is divided between several bodies the right way

[m16_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The Finnish way of exercising power is fair

[m16_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland is a democracy in which all citizens are able to exercise political power

[m16_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power is invisible activity exercised through education

[m16_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power resides in masculine values and structures

[m16_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power corrupts people

[m16_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Fascinating games are played in the world of power

[m16_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power is in the hands of those who are permanently employed

[m16_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power will always be in the hands of a small elite

[m16_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power is useful and productive

[m16_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: I am able to successfully discipline myself and work hard at school and/or in working life

[m16_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Generations compete for power

[m16_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Power is in the hands of the same old people

[m16_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Struggle for power is a dirty game

[m16_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finnish election candidates are too eager to please the voters and do not present their own important principles

[m16_19] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Young people who have got used to individual competition and choices have difficulties in choosing between political parties which operate in uniform and disciplinary ways

[m16_20] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The programmes of political parties are based on the common experiences of the older generations

[m17] When making your voting decision, which is more important, the party or the candidate?

[m18] Do you consider yourself a supporter of a political party at the moment?

[m19] Could you easily change your party preference between elections?

[m20_1] How much power do you think the following body has: The Parliament

[m20_2] How much power do you think the following body has: The government

[m20_3] How much power do you think the following body has: Politicians

[m20_4] How much power do you think the following body has: President

[m20_5] How much power do you think the following body has: Civil servants

[m20_6] How much power do you think the following body has: Local government and local council

[m20_7] How much power do you think the following body has: The media

[m20_8] How much power do you think the following body has: Economic life

[m20_9] How much power do you think the following body has: The economic and political elite

[m20_10] How much power do you think the following body has: The intelligentsia

[m20_11] How much power do you think the following body has: Labour organisations, employers' organisations and the government together

[m20_12] How much power do you think the following body has: The market economy producing advertisements, entertainment and online services

[m20_13] How much power do you think the following body has: Civic organisations and movements

[m20_14] How much power do you think the following body has: Individual citizens

[m21] What do you think is the reason behind the decline in voting turnout? (Open-ended question)

[m22] Why do you think young people do not vote as actively as older people? (Open-ended question)

[m23] What do you think could be done to improve young people's voting turnout? (Open-ended question)

[m24] Which party's candidate will you most likely vote for in the next parliamentary elections?

[m25] How satisfied are you with the actions of Matti Vanhanen's government?

[m26] Who would you like to see elected as the next Prime Minister?

[m27] Have political issues and values affected your buying decisions as a consumer?

[m28] Have you used the Internet or e-mail to discuss ethical and/or political matters or to establish relationships?

[m29] Are you going to try or utilise so-called candidate selectors in selecting and comparing the election candidates in the next parliamentary elections?

[m30] Are you going to visit the candidates' websites before the parliamentary elections?

[m31] Is it possible to influence the authority's decision-making processes through elections and representative democracy? (Open-ended question)

[m32_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland should join Nato for security policy reasons

[m32_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Crimes should be punished more severely

[m32_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Temporary employment should be legally restricted

[m32_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: One strong leader can solve the problems in our country better than political parties and the Parliament

[m32_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland should take more refugees

[m32_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Citizen wage (i.e. a basic income paid to all citizens) should be introduced in Finland

[m32_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Young people are also influential and responsible political citizens in their decisions about education and working life

[m32_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland has lost some of its power as a member of the EU

[m32_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The co-operation between the voluntary organisations of defence administration and those of national defence should be further increased

[m32_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: There should be more women in politics

[m32_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: According to flat tax principles (constant tax rate), the rich and the poor should be taxed at the same rate

[m32_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The owners of large companies get richer at the expense of their employees

[m32_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The benefits gained by the large post-World War II generations should be checked and young people should be taken into account better

[m32_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The principles of free market economy offer the best solutions to all problems of society

[m32_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The welfare state makes people less willing to look after themselves

[m32_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The immigrant labour force should be more carefully controlled

[m32_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: I do not need anything from the government - I am able to create a good life for myself

[m32_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Large international companies have too much influence on policy

[m32_19] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: People operating in anti-globalisation organisations are fighting for the right cause

[m32_20] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Combating climate change is more important than any other political question

[33_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland should continue its policy of military non-alignment during the next government term

[33_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland should continue its policy of military non-alignment during the next government term, but keep the option to join Nato

[33_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland should apply for Nato membership during the next government term

[33_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The current Finnish universal conscription system, which obliges young men, is behind the times

[33_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Taking part in the EU Rapid Deployment Forces offers Finns considerable scope for action

[33_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland has succeeded during its EU presidency in 2006

[33_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The role of Finland, the EU chair, in Lebanon crisis was active and politically skilful

[33_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland should send many times more than 250 peacekeepers for UN missions in Lebanon

[33_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland has followed the West too much and taken sides against the Islamic world in relation to international conflicts

[33_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland now has the political means needed to participate in diverse international politics

[34_1] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: Sweden would join Nato

[34_2] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: The USA would set Finland's Nato membership as a prerequisite for good relations

[34_3] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: Finland's other possibilities of influencing matters related to its safety would be reduced

[34_4] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: Nato would clearly develop its role as a global mediator and peacekeeper

[34_5] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: All other EU countries would have joined Nato

[34_6] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: Russia would clearly threaten Finland

[34_7] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: Finland would be guaranteed that as a Nato member, it would be able to decide on a case-to-case basis whether it would send troops outside its borders

[34_8] Would the following conditions change your attitude towards Finland's Nato membership: President and Prime Minister would consider it necessary to join Nato

[35_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The level of study grants should be raised

[35_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The students' freedom of choice has been undermined by one-sidedly tightening the time limits for completion of degrees

[35_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The fact that study loans can be deducted from taxes helps students to graduate faster

[35_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government decides on important matters first and then checks if there is something left for alleviating poverty

[35_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Young generations have to do temporary and part-time work because they have neither strong organisations nor positions of power

[35_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government has done its best to improve temporary workers' status

[35_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Young people will have to deal with the enormous pension burden created by the huge retiring post-WWII generation unless the next governments change the financing of pensions

[35_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government has guaranteed working resources for organising flexible and tailored support for young people suffering from social problems

[35_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: One-parent families have been well taken into account in government transfer payments

[35_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Home care support for young families has been developed according to the needs

[35_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government has been assertive enough in renewing municipalities and their services

[35_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Letting the government force cash-strapped municipalities to merge at the end of the decade is a necessity

[35_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: In Finland, there are way too many small municipalities with expensive production of services

[35_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Municipal self-government and regional equality seem to be forgotten in the Municipality Reform

[35_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government has succeeded in planning regional centres and cooperative districts as part of the Municipality Reform

[35_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government has guaranteed safe and child-friendly circumstances for families with children and for having children

[35_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Lowering the wages of young people is an effective way to improve their employment situation

[35_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The past governments and their programmes have leaned too much towards competitiveness and profit responsibility at the expense of equality

[35_19] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Taking global democracy as an objective would help EU policy to rise again

[35_20] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The global trend to lower wages and social security must be stopped

[35_21] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: We should try the so-called citizen wage system

[36_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Income limits for receiving study grants should be raised

[36_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Offering a benefit of 700 euros to those who have to move because of their job is a tangible employment action

[36_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: I could pay more taxes if I were sure of their social and ecological gain

[36_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Environmental taxes should be raised and income tax reduced

[36_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finland supports bioenergy too much

[36_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Joint taxation of couples is a step forward

[36_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Alcohol tax must be raised to reduce the use of intoxicants

[36_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Income tax must be reduced generally

[36_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Particularly the income tax of low-income (short-term) workers must be reduced

[36_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The additional expenses and taxation of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs must be reduced so that they can continue to improve the economy and employment situation

[36_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government must guarantee that income taxes will not be raised anymore

[36_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government has succeeded in supporting reasonably priced rental accommodation for students

[36_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Inheritance tax should be halved during the next government term

[36_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Property tax which reduces the disparity between the rich and the poor should be reintroduced

[36_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The government and the opposition in Finland engage in heated debate in the spirit of true democracy

[36_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: The opposition and critics are instantly blamed for superficial populism if they criticise government actions

[36_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Finnish political parties, even if they were in the opposition, want so badly to be in the government that they do not really dare to fight with the government parties

[36_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: At the moment, parliamentary democracy works effectively in Finland